Security Council

bail Council The joined Nations surety Council (UNSC) is the organ of the unite Nations charged with maintaining peace and security among nations. temporary hookup other organs of the get together Nations only make recommendations to phallus governments, the credentials Council has the motive to make decisions which member governments must carry out downstairs the United Nations Charter. The decisions of the Council are known as United Nations certificate Council Resolutions. The aegis Council is made up of 15 member states, consisting of five fixed set and decennium temporary seats.The durable five are China, France, Russia, the United commonwealth and the United States. These members hold veto power over substantive alone not procedural resolutions allowing a permanent member to block acceptance but not debate of a resolution unacceptable to it. The ten temporary seats are held for two-year terms with member states voted in by the UN General Assembly on a regional b asis. The judicature of the certification Council is rotated alphabetically separately month. Members. Security Council members must ceaselessly be present at UN headquarters in New York so that the Security Council shadow meet at any time.This requirement of the United Nations Charter was adopted to address a weakness of the League of Nations since that agreement was often unable to respond quickly to crises. The role of president of the Security Council involves setting the agenda, presiding at its meetings and overseeing any crisis. It rotates in alphabetical order of the members label in English. There are two categories of membership in the UN Security Council changeless Members and Elected Members. Permanent membersThe Council seated five permanent members who were before drawn from the victorious powers after World War II 1. The nation of China 2. The French Republic 3. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 4. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Irelan d 5. The United States of the States The five permanent members of the Security Council are the only nations recognized as possessing nuclear weapons to a lower place the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, although it lacks universal validity, as some nuclear nations switch not signed the treaty.This nuclear status is not the result of their Security Council membership, though it is sometimes apply as a modern-day confession for their continued presence on the body. India, Pakistan, North Korea, and Israel possess nuclear weapons alfresco of the anti-proliferation framework established by the Treaty. In 2004, four of the five permanent members were also the worlds top four weapons exporters when measured by arms entertain China was seventh. Each permanent member state has veto powers, which can be used to void any substantive resolution. A atomic number 53 veto from a permanent member outweighs any majority.This is not technically a veto, rather just a nay vote tho a nay vote from a permanent member blocks the passageway of the resolution in question. Elected members Ten other members are choose by the General Assembly for two-year terms starting on 1 January, with five replaced each year. The members are chosen by regional groups and confirmed by the United Nations General Assembly. The African bloc chooses common chord members the Latin America and the Caribbean, Asiatic, and Western European and Others blocs choose two members each and the Eastern European bloc chooses one member.Also, one of these members is an Arab country, alternately from the Asian or African bloc. The current (2007) elected members, with the regions they were elected to represent and their Permanent Representatives are 1. Belgium (Western Europe) Amb. Johan C. Verbeke 2. Republic of the Congo (Africa) Amb. Basile Ikouebe 3. Ghana (Africa) Amb. Nana Effah-Apenteng 4. Indonesia (Asia) Amb. Rezlan Ishar Jenie 5. Italy (Western Europe) Amb. Marcello Spatafora 6. Panama (Latin Am erica and Caribbean) Amb. Ricardo Alberto Arias 7. Peru (Latin America and Caribbean) Amb.Oswaldo de Rivero 8. Qatar (Asia, Arab) Amb. Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser 9. Slovakia (Eastern Europe) Amb. Peter Burian 10. South Africa (Africa) Amb. Dumisani Kumalo Veto power Under article 27 of the UN Charter decisions in the 15-member Security Council on all substantive mattersfor example, a decision calling for direct measures related to the settlement of a contravention require the affirmative votes of nine members. A negative votea vetoby a permanent member prevents adoption of a proposal, even if it has received the required number of affirmative votes.Abstention is not regarded as a veto despite the wording of the Charter. Since the Security Councils inception, China (ROC/PRC) has used five vetoes France, 18 Russia/USSR, 122 the United Kingdom, 32 and the United States, 81. The majority of Russian/Soviet vetoes were in the first ten years of the Councils existence. Since 1984, the nu mbers concur been China, two France, three Russia/USSR, four the United Kingdom, 10 and the United States, 43. adjective matters are not subject to a Security Council veto.This provision is crucial because it prevents the veto from being used to avoid discussion of an issue. Status of non-members A state that is a member of the UN, but not of the Security Council, may participate in Security Council discussions in matters that the Council agrees that the countrys interests are particularly affected. In recent years, the Council has interpreted this loosely, enabling numerous countries to share part in its discussions or not depending on how they interpret the validity of the countrys interest.Non-members are routinely invited to take part when they are parties to quarrels being considered by the Council. Role of the Security Council Under Chapter Six of the Charter, Pacific Settlement of Disputes, the Security Council may inquire any dispute, or any situation which might lead to outside(a) friction or give rise to a dispute. The Council may recommend appropriate procedures or methods of adjustment if it determines that the situation might cross international peace and security. These recommendations are not spinal column on UN members.Under Chapter Seven, the Council has broader power to decide what measures are to be taken in situations involving threats to the peace, breaches of the peace, or acts of antagonism. In such situations, the Council is not limited to recommendations but may take action, including the use of armed force to maintain or restore international peace and security. This was the basis for UN armed action in Korea in 1950 during the Korean War and the use of coalition forces in Iraq and Kuwait in 1991. Decisions taken under Chapter Seven, such as economic sanctions, are binding on UN members.The UNs role in international collective security is defined by the UN Charter, which gives the Security Council the power to * Investiga te any situation toilsome international peace * Recommend procedures for peaceful resolution of a dispute * Call upon other member nations to completely or partially relegate economic relations as well as sea, air, postal, and radio communications, or to sever diplomatic relations and * Enforce its decisions militarily, if necessary. The United Nations has helped prevent many outbreaks of international violence from growing into wider conflicts.It has opened the way to negotiated settlements through its function as a center of debate and negotiation, as well as through UN-sponsored fact-finding missions, mediators, and truce observers. UN Peacekeeping forces, comprised of troops and equipment supplied by member nations, have usually been able to limit or prevent conflict, although sometimes not. Some conflicts, however, have proven to be beyond the capacity of the UN to influence. profound to the success of UN peacekeeping efforts is the willingness of the parties to a conflict to come to terms peacefully through a viable political process.